Each card separates what a study found from how that result bears on a specific Article. These are research contacts, not replacements for the canonical text.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Poverty and scarcity can consume cognitive resources, so compliance, refusal, or poor performance cannot automatically be treated as evidence of free will or character.
Study result: Laboratory and field experiments reported reduced cognitive performance when poverty-related financial concerns were salient.
Inference boundary: The study did not measure consent directly; applying the result to voluntariness is an inference.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
limit · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Trauma-informed care is widely implemented, but comparative evidence remains insufficient to determine effects across patient and client outcomes.
Study result: An AHRQ systematic review found insufficient comparative evidence for clear conclusions about trauma-informed-care outcomes.
Inference boundary: Insufficient evidence is not evidence of no effect, and results cannot resolve every duty in the Article.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Conditioning food assistance on work and reporting requirements can sharply reduce access among clinically and socioeconomically vulnerable recipients without producing a measurable transition off the broader safety net.
Study result: A quasi-experimental cohort study associated reinstated SNAP work requirements with reduced program participation among vulnerable beneficiaries without evidence of transition off the broader safety net.
Inference boundary: One state policy and enrollment outcome cannot determine moral contribution, long-term employment, or allocation during acute scarcity.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
support · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Teaching consequential instructions in usable language and asking the recipient to explain them back can improve comprehension, recall, self-management, and some health outcomes.
Study result: A systematic review found teach-back can improve health knowledge, recall, self-management, and some outcomes across heterogeneous studies.
Inference boundary: Health-education evidence does not prove generalization to all law or make enforcement legitimate by itself.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Collective political power is not reducible to violence: nonviolent campaigns have often achieved political goals by widening participation, gaining legitimacy, and inducing loyalty shifts.
Study result: A comparative campaign study reported greater success for nonviolent than violent campaigns in its dataset and analyzed participation and loyalty-shift mechanisms.
Inference boundary: Historical observational comparison is not a complete theory of authority and does not show violence is never decisive.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Many natural-language categories have graded internal structure rather than a single sharp boundary, so imposing a fixed definition before conversation can misrepresent ordinary meaning.
Study result: Experiments found graded typicality effects within several ordinary semantic categories.
Inference boundary: Ordinary semantic-category experiments do not govern legal drafting or technical interfaces.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
support · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Shared provision is more likely to be sustained when a community can visibly sanction free riding, and people will bear personal cost to enforce contribution norms.
Study result: Public-goods experiments found that participants paid to sanction free riders and that sanction availability increased cooperation.
Inference boundary: Laboratory monetary sanctions do not test withholding food, shelter, care, or safety and cannot license a specific real-world sanction.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Where sanctions withdrawing material support have been studied at scale, they moved people into worse and less stable work while producing material hardship, health problems, and poorer child wellbeing.
Study result: A scoping review found benefit sanctions associated with hardship, adverse health and child outcomes, and movement into lower-quality, less stable work.
Inference boundary: State welfare regimes differ from the Article's community-scale clause, so the contact is analogical and bounded.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
support · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Legal empowerment interventions that teach law to laypeople — legal literacy education, community paralegals — most commonly increase legal knowledge and people's willingness and ability to act.
Study result: A systematic evidence map found legal-literacy and community-paralegal studies most commonly reported improved knowledge and agency.
Inference boundary: The map did not establish a pooled causal effect or validate one teaching method, and the underlying evidence was uneven.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Cognitive capacity reaches adult levels years before psychosocial maturity, so demonstrated competence in a field can be present while impulse control and resistance to peer influence are still developing — an empirical basis for the age-based lines the article replaces.
Study result: A multinational cross-sectional study found cognitive capacity reached adult levels earlier than psychosocial maturity.
Inference boundary: Cross-sectional measures do not evaluate the Article's portfolio process or determine a universal adulthood rule.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
mixed · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Cash, vouchers, and in-kind food can each support emergency food security, while their relative effectiveness and efficiency depend on markets, security, delivery capacity, recipient selection, and the outcome being optimized.
Study result: A systematic review found no universally superior emergency-assistance modality; cash, vouchers, and in-kind food varied with setting and outcome.
Inference boundary: Sparse, generally low-quality evidence through 2014 does not determine contribution rules or justified exclusion.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
support · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Across health contexts, autonomy support, psychological-need satisfaction, and autonomous motivation are positively related to sustained health behavior and beneficial mental and physical health outcomes.
Study result: A meta-analysis linked autonomy support, need satisfaction, and autonomous motivation with sustained health behavior and beneficial health outcomes.
Inference boundary: Heterogeneous health settings do not validate every duty in Article Two or make coercion autonomy-supportive.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
dissent · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Necessary unpaid care can transfer anxiety and depression risk to caregivers, so survival duties cannot be allocated as though caregivers possess unlimited time, health, or support.
Study result: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found greater anxiety and depression among unpaid caregivers than noncaregivers in included settings.
Inference boundary: Observational, geographically sparse evidence cannot show care is intrinsically harmful or prescribe one allocation system.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
mixed · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: In a concurrent repeated-game model, social crosstalk can spread defection, make strict act-for-act retaliation brittle, and require stronger bounded forgiveness to preserve cooperation.
Study result: A mathematical and simulation study found that crosstalk across concurrent repeated games can spread defection and require stronger forgiveness for cooperation.
Inference boundary: A stylized non-empirical model does not establish real-world consent to retaliation or require anyone to remain exposed to abuse.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text model/result locator has not yet been recorded.
mixed · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Plain-language redrafting can improve non-expert comprehension of legal contracts, but language simplification alone leaves substantial misunderstanding when complex concepts conflict with prior knowledge and beliefs.
Study result: A controlled experiment found plain-language legal contracts improved nonexpert comprehension while substantial misunderstanding remained.
Inference boundary: Contract comprehension in one experimental setting cannot establish comprehension of all laws or populations.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
mixed · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Small groups show stable differences in collective performance, but experiments conflict over whether conversational equality and social sensitivity or the cognitive ability of members best explains those differences.
Study result: Small-group experiments found a collective-performance factor, while later replication and model tests disputed which member and interaction variables explained it.
Inference boundary: Small selected groups and tasks cannot validate twelve-person circles, singular emergency leadership, or authority derived from violence.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locators for both studies have not yet been recorded.
mixed · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Shared professional terminology can improve documentation, coordination, prediction, knowledge, self-efficacy, and some outcomes, while current causal evidence remains low-certainty and methodologically heterogeneous.
Study result: A systematic review and meta-analysis found possible documentation, coordination, knowledge, and outcome benefits from standardized nursing terminologies, with very low-to-low certainty.
Inference boundary: Terminology was often embedded in larger interventions, most evidence was observational, and ordinary conversation was not studied.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.
support · provisional-full-text-locator-needed
Bounded claim: Decision aids that make options explicit and communicate benefits, harms, probabilities, and personal values help adults make more informed, active, values-congruent health choices without increasing decision regret.
Study result: A Cochrane review of randomized trials found decision aids improved knowledge, risk perception, active participation, and informed values-congruent choices without increasing regret.
Inference boundary: Health-treatment and screening decisions do not establish a universal consent standard or settle every conflict among autonomy, harm, and public duty.
Locator: hmmm — exact full-text result locator has not yet been recorded.